5 Compound Sentences and 5 Complex Sentences

1. 5 Compound Sentences

1. Even though the name of Bangkok is related to olive, but the tree that is the symbol of Bangkok is not olive anymore, it is a weeping banyan.
2. The location was then selected with the consideration as a natural defense from enemies and the richness of water for lives earning.
3. Bangkok is a port which makes it accessible for trade by air, boat or train, this makes its atmosphere excellent for the trade environment.
4. Bangkok (Thailand) became known as one of the four tigers in Asia, but this rapid growth built up pressure until finally in 1997 it began the Asian financial crisis.
5. It is difficult to chane large notes in some market areas, so remember to ask for some small notes when changing money.
Compound Sentence has a coordinating word that tell us know that this sentence is compound such as and , but , or , so , for nor and yet etc. And in 5 sentences in this text has a coordinating word of Compound Sentence are but , and , for , so etc.

2. 5 Complex Sentences

1. It is noteworthy that the name “Bangkok” formerly referrec to a small fishing village which later expanded into communities on both sides of Chao Phraya River.
2. Bangkok is located in the central part of the country on the low-flat plain of the Chao Phraya River, which is the most important river that can be compared to the main artery of the nation.
3. Since Buddha statues and images represent the Buddha, visitors are asked to be having respectfully to all statues and images so as not to cause offence to local people.
4. His Majesty will always take with him a team of doctors and nurses to treat those who come to him with their illness.
5. His Majesty has dedicated himself to the development work in many sectors which have benefited the majority of Thais.

Complex Sentence use subordinating words (such as after , although , as , because before , if , since, when , where etc.) as well as relative pronouns (such as that , who , whom , whose , which etc.) In these 5 sentences has subordinating words and relative pronouns such as which (sentence 1 , 2 , 5) , that (sentence 1 , 2) , since (sentence 3) , who (sentence 4).

Summarize

Bangkok the capital city of Thailand has a long history for 800 years. Before becoming Bangkok , there have been four capital cities namely Krung Sukhothai , Krung Sriautthaya , Krung Thonburi and Krung Ratanakosin or Bangkok in present day.
When Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk ascended the throne and became the first king of Chakri Dynastry , King Rama I who established the Chakri Dynastry. He decided to move the capital to the east bank of the Cho Phraya river and held a brief victory coronation ceremony on June 10th , 1782. He name the capitals “ Ratanakosin Indra Ayothaya”. King Rama III renamed the capital as “ Krung Thep Mahanakhon Boworn Ratanakosin Mahin Ayutthaya” and in the reign of King Rama IV the name was changed to “ Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amorn Ratanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Nopharat Ratchathanee Burirom Udomratchanivet Mahasathan Amonphimarn Awatan Sathit Sakkathaiya Visanukamprasit ” or in the short name is “ Krung Thep Mahanakhon”.
Bangkok in this day is very grow up and popular for many people around the world because Bangkok has a big area about 1,568.737 Km. and it is the center of many thing such as communication , administration , commerce , business , economies , education and many thing.

Topic , Main Idea , and Inference

1. Topic of this text
Topic of this text is Bangkok. In this topic is talk many thing about Bangkok such as The Emblem of Bangkok , History of Bangkok , Geography & Climate , Area , Population , Religion , Language , Economy , Money , Crown of Thailand and Bangkok Today.
2. Main Idea
In this text there are many part and each part has a main idea it self. Let’s see the main idea of each part.
1. The Emblem of Bangkok.
“Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s emblem shows Phra Indra, the keeper of Amara-Wadee (“Immortal” or “Undying”) in Dawa Deung, the highest of the seven heavens of Thai mythology, carrying his three-bladed weapon, Vajira (Thunder Maker), and seated atop a white elephant whose four ivory tusks denote celestial status.”
2. History of Bangkok
“Before becoming Thailand’s capital in 1782, Bangkok was an outlying district of Thonburi, a town founded as a trading post in the mid-16th century. Then in 1782, after passing away of King Taksin of Thonburi, today part of Bangkok located on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River, Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk ascended the throne and was known as King Buddha Yodfa or King Rama I. The king decided to move the capital to the opposite side of the river known as Bangkok, and established the Chakri Dynasty.


3.Geography and Climate
“The location is at latitude 13° 45’ north and longitude 100° 28’ east. It is a tropical land with long hours of sunshine, high temperature and humidity. The climate is influenced by seasonal monsoon. There are three main seasons; Rainy (May – October), Winter (November – January) and Summer (February – April). The average low temperature is approximately in low to mid-20 degree Celsius and high temperature in mid-30 degree Celsius.”
4. Area
“Bangkok is the growth pole of the whole kingdom with the total area of 1,568.737 square kilometers”
5. Population
“The registered population in Bangkok increased from 1.6 million in the year 1958 to 5.4 million in the year 1986 and 5.6 million in the year 1999. The population of Bangkok is now closed to 7 million by registered record or about 10 million of daytime population.”
6. Religion
“Buddhism is the prevailing religion in Thailand and approximately 95% of the populations are Buddhists. Muslims constitute around four percent of the population and live mostly in the southern provinces bordering Malaysia. There are also small Hindu and Christian communities”
7. Language
“Thai is a language that used in Bangkok and English is used as a second language. Nowadays, Chinese is also widely spoken in Bangkok.”
8. Economy
“The main income of Thailand are come from many ways such as agriculture , automobile parts , handgun , house-wares , antiques and tourism”
9. Money
“Thai currency is made up of Baht (บาท) and Satang (สตางค์). Commonly used coins are 25-Satang, 50-Satang, 1 Baht, 5 Baht and 10 Baht denominations. There are different sizes of 1 and 5 Baht coins in circulation.”
10. Crown of Thailand
“His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej succeeded King Anada Mahidol to the throne on June 9, 1946 as the ninth king of the Chakri Dynasty and he is the heart of Thai people and around the world. ”
11. Bangkok Today
“Bangkok today is very growth up and it is the center of every thing in Thailand ”
3. Inference
Bangkok in this day is very grow up and popular for many people around the world because Bangkok has a big area about 1,568.737 Km. and
it is the center of many thing such as communication , administration , commerce , business , economies , education , tourism and many thing.

5 Examples of Context Clues

1. His Royal Highness Prince Narissaranuwattivongse graciously granted the emblem to the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration during the term of office of the first Mayor, General Chao Phraya Ramrakop (1937 – 1938).
Context Clues is “ Granted” mean to give.

2. Bangkok was established in 1782 as the new capital of Thailand by King Rama I of the Chakri Dynasty on a flood plain delta of Chao Phraya River.
Context Clue is “established” mean to start a new city that will continue for long time.

3. As Thailand’s main port, Bangkok has always been more cosmopolitan than other city of the region.
Context Clue is “cosmopolitan” mean compound area.

4. Payment by credit cards is becoming increasingly common at most major tourist spots and in most hotels and high-class restaurants.
Context clue is “increasingly” mean more and more

5. His Majesty is a devout Buddhist.
Context clue is “devout ” mean believing strongly in a religion and obeying all its rule.

The Type of Organization of the selected text

In this text there are 3 types of organization , Time Order and Comparison & Contrast

Time Order
1. Before becoming Thailand’s capital in 1782, Bangkok was an outlying district of Thonburi, a town founded as a trading post in the mid-16th century.
2. The name is still used among the Thais as always, while the foreigners know Kroong Thep as “Bangkok”.
3. Since its establishment, the city grew steadily in size and importance that covered only 4.14 square kilometers to nowadays a mega city that comprises of 50 districts.
4. Up until now, Bangkok is the growth pole of the whole kingdom with the total area of 1,568.737 square kilometers.
5. During 1782 – 1900, the commencing period of city establishment, Bangkok grew rather slowly.
As you see , these sentences have a signal word of Time Order such as before , while , since , until , now , during etc.


Comparison & Contrast
1. In past Bangkok Metropolis was divided into 24 districts, but nowadays it is divided in 50 districts.
2. At one time, agriculture was the main source generating income, but this has shifted to the manufacture of textiles, computers and electronics.
3. American dollar is the most widely accepted foreign currency, but most other major foreign currencies can be exchanged at the banks.
4. Bangkok is also well known for a lot of canals and rivers that wind in and around the city that have made t famous as “Venice of the East”.
5. Bangkok is also the centre of transportation in Thailand with major roads and railways branching out to various parts of the country.
Comparison & Contrast in these 5 sentences are 2 words , but and also .


Cause & Effect
1. The main reason for the removal was that Bangkok had a better location for protection from foreign invasions as it was separated by the river from the west bank and also covered a bigger area. Then canals were dug around the city starting from the expansion of Bang Lamphu and Ong Ang canals to the east.
2. Most Thais are welcoming and friendly to visitors and thus the alias “Land of Smile” is appreciated granted to Thailand.
In 2 these sentences there are signal word of Cause & Effect such as reason , then and thus etc.

Suffix & Prefix

Simple Sentences in the text

1.Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s emblem shows Phra Indra.

2. As Phra Indra keeps Amara-Wadee.

3. Bangkok is located in the central part of the country

4. It is surrounded by Samut Sakhon and Samut Prakan to the south

5. It is a tropical land with long hours of sunshine

Vocabularies

Bangkok

Bangkok

1.1 The Emblem of Bangkok

Figure 1.1 The Emblem of Bangkok

Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s emblem shows Phra Indra, the keeper of Amara-Wadee (“Immortal” or “Undying”) in Dawa Deung, the highest of the seven heavens of Thai mythology, carrying his three-bladed weapon, Vajira (Thunder Maker), and seated atop a white elephant whose four ivory tusks denote celestial status.
As Phra Indra keeps Amara-Wadee, so the Governor keeps the City; heading-up administration and providing leadership in furthering the welfare of the city’s residents. Phra Indra’s domain is “undying”; the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration is dedicated to the eternal maintenance of the capital’s vitality, thereby ensuring its prosperity. Fortunately, in this endeavor, the City is provided with a four-tusked elephant, which ordinarily accomplishes twice as much as its earthly brethren.
His Royal Highness Prince Narissaranuwattivongse graciously granted the emblem to the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration during the term of office of the first Mayor, General Chao Phraya Ramrakop (1937 – 1938).


1.2 History of Bangkok

Figure 1.2 Kings of Chakri Dynasty

Before becoming Thailand’s capital in 1782, Bangkok was an outlying district of Thonburi, a town founded as a trading post in the mid-16th century. Then in 1782, after passing away of King Taksin of Thonburi, today part of Bangkok located on the west bank of the Chao Phraya River, Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk ascended the throne and was known as King Buddha Yodfa or King Rama I. The king decided to move the capital to the opposite side of the river known as Bangkok, and established the Chakri Dynasty.
The main reason for the removal was that Bangkok had a better location for protection from foreign invasions as it was separated by the river from the west bank and also covered a bigger area. Then canals were dug around the city starting from the expansion of Bang Lamphu and Ong Ang canals to the east. When finished, the two canals were joined together and linked the Chao Phraya River at both ends. So, the city was surrounded by water and the whole canal was named “Klong Rob Kroong” (คลองรอบกรุง) it means the canal around the city. These canals together with another smaller ones were the source of Bangkok’s nickname “Venice of the East”.
King Rama I then commanded the construction of the Grand Palace close to the river modeling on the ancient palace of Ayutthaya with a royal temple, the Emerald Buddha Temple, within the city walls. In addition, other important government offices were newly built on the east bank. The king gave a very long name to the capital, i.e. Kroong Thep Mahanakorn Boworn Rattanakosin Mahintarayutthaya Madilokphop Nopparat Ratchathani Burirom Udom Ratchaniwet Mahasathan Amorn Pimarn Awatan Satit Saggathatiya Vissanukam Prasit. (Later, King Mongkut (1851 – 1868) changed the word “Boworn” in the full name into “Amorn”) This long name is still a world record, through in normal usage it is shortened top “Kroong Thep” which means “The City of Angel”.
In the early Rattanakosin period (1782 – 1851), Bangkok remained a quiet place. It was covered with lush vegetation and had waterways as its chef routes of transportation. The capital underwent some development based on Western models in the reign of King Rama IV who ordered road building, canal digging, shipbuilding, and a recognisation of the Thai army and administration. The great reform occurred in the reign of King Rama V (1868 – 1910) who brought the nation into modernisation in various aspects, including administration, education, justice, communications and public health. For the convenience of administration, the country was divided into several Monthon (มณฑล), and Bangkok was one of them.
In 1932, a revolution was staged and the political system was changed into constitutional monarchy. Bangkok on the east bank known as Kroong Thep or Phra Nakorn became a province and Thonburi on the west bank became another province. In 1971, the two provinces were merged under the name Nakorn Luang Kroong Thonburi or Bangkok–Thonburi Metropolis. One year later, the form of local government in the metropolis was recognised and the province obtained a new name as Kroong Thep Maha Nakorn or popularly called Kroong Thep for short.
The name is still used among the Thais as always, while the foreigners know Kroong Thep as “Bangkok”. It is noteworthy that the name “Bangkok” formerly referrec to a small fishing village which later expanded into communities on both sides of Chao Phraya River. It is so named because the village (called Bang (บาง) in Thai) was full of wild olive (called Makok (มะกอก) in Thai which was shortened to Kaok (กอก)) groves, and the name has been internationally used up until now.
Even though the name of Bangkok is related to olive, but the tree that is the symbol of Bangkok is not olive anymore, it is a weeping banyan (ต้นไทรย้อย). In past Bangkok Metropolis was divided into 24 districts, but nowadays it is divided in 50 districts as follow:-
1. Phra Nakorn (พระนคร) 2. Bang Bon (บางบอน)
3. Bang Kae (บางแค) 4. Bang Gapi (บางกะปิ)
5. Bang Khen (บางเขน) 6. Bang Ko Laem (บางคอแหลม)
7. Bang Khun Tian (บางขุนเทียน) 8. Bang Na (บางนา)
9. Bang Plad (บางพลัด) 10. Bang Rak (บางรัก)
11. Bang Sue (บางซื่อ) 12. Bangkok Noi (บางกอกน้อย)
13. Bangkok Yai (บางกอกน้อย) 14. Beung Goom (บึงกุ่ม)
15. Chatuchak (จตุจักร) 16. Jom Thong (จอมทอง)
17. Din Daeng (ดินแดง) 18. Don Muang (ดอนเมือง)
19. Dusit (ดุสิต) 20. Huai Kwang (ห้วยขวาง)
21. Kan Na Yao (คันนายาว) 21. Klong Sam Wa (คลองสามวา)
23. Klong San (คลองสาน) 24. Klong Toei (คลองเตย)
25. Lak Si (หลักสี่) 26. Lad Gra Bung (ลาดกระบัง)
27. Lad Prao (ลาดพร้าว) 28. Meen Buri (มีนบุรี)
29. Nong Jog (หนองจอก) 30. Nong Khaem (หนองแขม)
31. Patoomwan (ปทุมวัน) 32. Pasichareon (ภาษีเจริญ)
33. Phaya Thai (พญาไท) 34. Phra Kanong (พระขโนง)
35. Prawet (ประเวศ) 36. Pom Prab Satroo Pai (ป้อมปราบศัตรูพ่าย)
37. Rat Burana (ราชบูรณะ) 38. Ratchatewi (ราชเทวี)
39. Sai Mai (สายไหม) 40. Sampantawong (สัมพันธวงษ์)
41. Sapan Soong (สะพานสูง) 42. Satorn (สาทร)
43. Suan Luang (สวนหลวง) 44. Taling Chan (ตลิ่งชัน)
45. Thawi-Wattana (ทวีวัฒนา) 46. Thon Buri (ธนบุรี)
47. Toong Kru (ทุ่งครุ) 48. Vadhana (วัฒนา)
49. Wang Tong Lang (วังทองหลาง)
50. Yannawa (ยานนาวา)


1.3 Geography and Climate

Figure 1.3 Map of Bangkok

Bangkok is located in the central part of the country on the low-flat plain of the Chao Phraya River, which is the most important river that can be compared to the main artery of the nation. At a distance extending from 27 –56 kilometres from the river mouth adjacent to the Gulf of Thailand.
It is surrounded by Samut Sakhon and Samut Prakan to the south, Nakhon Pathom to the west, Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani and Nakhon Nayok to the north, and Chachoengsao to the east. Bangkok also has a 4.4 km stretch of coastline. Parts of the surrounding provinces have been swallowed up by Bangkok's sprawling metropolitan area.
The location is at latitude 13° 45’ north and longitude 100° 28’ east. It is a tropical land with long hours of sunshine, high temperature and humidity. The climate is influenced by seasonal monsoon. There are three main seasons; Rainy (May – October), Winter (November – January) and Summer (February – April). The average low temperature is approximately in low to mid-20 degree Celsius and high temperature in mid-30 degree Celsius.

1.4 Area

Bangkok was established in 1782 as the new capital of Thailand by King Rama I of the Chakri Dynasty on a flood plain delta of Chao Phraya River. The location was then selected with the consideration as a natural defense from enemies and the richness of water for lives earning. Since its establishment, the city grew steadily in size and importance that covered only 4.14 square kilometers to nowadays a mega city that comprises of 50 districts. Up until now, Bangkok is the growth pole of the whole kingdom with the total area of 1,568.737 square kilometers.

1.5 Population

During 1782 – 1900, the commencing period of city establishment, Bangkok grew rather slowly. The population was only 600,000 and urbanised area was about 18 square kilometers. After World War II, the city was increasingly populated with rapid urbanisation which brought about number of infrastructures and other constructions. The registered population in Bangkok increased from 1.6 million in the year 1958 to 5.4 million in the year 1986 and 5.6 million in the year 1999. The population of Bangkok is now closed to 7 million by registered record or about 10 million of daytime population. Most residents in Bangkok are native Thais with around 25% of the city’s inhabitants being Chinese or of Chinese descents as well as Indians, Arabs, Malays and Europeans. Most Thais are welcoming and friendly to visitors and thus the alias “Land of Smile” is appreciated granted to Thailand.

1.6 Religion

Buddhism is the prevailing religion in Thailand and approximately 95% of the populations are Buddhists. Muslims constitute around four percent of the population and live mostly in the southern provinces bordering Malaysia. There are also small Hindu and Christian communities. Since Buddha statues and images represent the Buddha, visitors are asked to be having respectfully to all statues and images so as not to cause offence to local people. It is illegal to take any Buddhists statues out of Thailand without the express permission of the Fine Arts Department.

1.7 Language

Thai is a language that used in Bangkok and English is used as a second language. Nowadays, Chinese is also widely spoken in Bangkok.
Thai language is tonal with each syllable having five different tones (high, rising, falling, middle and low). The meanings relate to the level of the tones used. Verbs have no tenses and most words are monosyllabic. There are also a number of regional dialects which can be confusing even to the locals.

1.8 Economy

As Thailand’s main port, Bangkok has always been more cosmopolitan than other city of the region. The government sector does play a significant role in Bangkok along with the private sector. There are number of activities in commerce, industries, construction, manufacture and various kind of private retailers, street vendors, entrepreneurs, government, officials, etc.
Bangkok is the commercial center of Thailand, as well as Southeast Asia, for imports and exports. Bangkok is a port which makes it accessible for trade by air, boat or train, this makes its atmosphere excellent for the trade environment.
Special products from Bangkok are automobile parts, handguns, house-wares, antiques. At one time, agriculture was the main source generating income, but this has shifted to the manufacture of textiles, computers and electronics. The center of communication, Bangkok has approximately 4 million telephones, and cellular services are rapidly expanding.
Tourism has become a main source of revenue, with increasing numbers of visitors going to Thailand. Approximately a third of all banks in Thailand, with over three-fourths of the deposits of Thailand, are located in Bangkok.
The late 80's brought about remarkable growth. Driven by Bangkok's free enterprise economy, a 13% growth resulted in the GNP. As a result of this tremendous growth, Bangkok (Thailand) became known as one of the four tigers in Asia, but this rapid growth built up pressure until finally in 1997 it began the Asian financial crisis. Through reforming its finances, Bangkok is slowly returning to normal.

1.9 Money

Thai currency is made up of Baht (บาท) and Satang (สตางค์). Commonly used coins are 25-Satang, 50-Satang, 1 Baht, 5 Baht and 10 Baht denominations. There are different sizes of 1 and 5 Baht coins in circulation, so be careful when using the money. Banknotes, which are printed in both Thai and Arabic numbers, increase in size according to value and are in different colours; 10 Baht is brown; 20Baht is green; 50 Baht is blue; 100 Baht is red; 500 Baht is purple and 1,000 Baht is grey/beige. It is difficult to chane large notes in some market areas, so remember to ask for some small notes when changing money.
Banks are opened from 9.30 a.m. – 3.30 p.m. during weekdays. In Bangkok, you will find many of the banks have foreign exchange services opening until late in the evening everyday, particularly in famous tourists spots.
Travellers’ cheques give the highest rate of exchange. American dollar is the most widely accepted foreign currency, but most other major foreign currencies can be exchanged at the banks. Payment by credit cards is becoming increasingly common at most major tourist spots and in most hotels and high-class restaurants.

1.10 Crown of Thailand

Figure 1.4 King Bhumibholadullayadej

Prabat Somdet Phra Chaoyuhua Bhumibol Adulyadej King Rama IX(King Bhumibol Adulyadej, A.D. 1946, B.E. 2489 - present)
His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej succeeded King Anada Mahidol to the throne on June 9, 1946 as the ninth king of the Chakri Dynasty. He was only 19 years old. Being a young monarch, His Majesty had no idea what would be bestowed on him. He was brought up in Switzerland and studied there. When he ascended the throne, His Majesty began learning his constitutional craft at the University of Lausanne where he changed his specialization from science to law and political science. Nevertheless, His Majesty was able to learn what would be best for the people.
Four years later on May 5, 1950, in his historic Oath of Ascension to the Throne, His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej pledged, "We will reign with righteousness, for the benefits and happiness of the Siamese people." (เราจะครองแผ่นดินโดยธรรม เพื่อประโยชน์สุขแห่งมหาชนชาวสยาม)
In his 53-year-reign, he has not deviated from that pledge. Truly, His Majesty has been respected, revered, admired and loved by all Thais in a manner that cannot be fully comprehended by foreigners. The main three significant themes in his reign are: the well being of his subjects, the security and stability of his nation, and national unity.
For decades, His Majesty has traveled to 76 provinces including the country's most troubled spots to visit poor, underprivileged and even hill tribe villagers. Her Majesty Queen Sirikit and other members of the Royal family are frequently seen at his Majesty's side. This has shown that the whole royal family has followed the tradition of the Chakri Dynasty in ensuring the well being of the Thai people.
Whenever His Majesty visits his people in the rural areas, he learns about their problems and hardships. He often suggests practical projects that have brought progress and prosperity to the people by giving them medical, nutritional, occupational and development assistant that the authorities have failed to deliver. Frequently, His Majesty will always take with him a team of doctors and nurses to treat those who come to him with their illness.
When it comes to travel, it has become normal to see the world's hardest-working monarch put on simple, well-worn outfit and sneakers, a camera around his neck, a map and pencil in his hand, and drops of perspiration on his face- sitting on the ground with poor villagers in remote areas of the nation, asking them about their lives and their needs. It is also common to see him trekking along a rough path with villagers to study the local topography so that necessary projects such as reservoirs, agricultural development and forest conservation are later carried out.
Today, His majesty has now become an expert in rural development and probably the only person in Thailand who knows best about the country's terrain and the problems of rural poor. Undoubtedly, wherever King Bhumibol goes, crowds of hundreds of thousands turned out to see him. Surprisingly, many villagers walked for days in order to get a glimpse of their beloved King.
His Majesty has dedicated himself to the development work in many sectors which have benefited the majority of Thais. He has personally initiated about 2,000 projects to date in many areas such as rural development, irrigation, agriculture, water-resources management, forest and fishery conservation, soil erosion and improvement, crop substitution, re-forestation, land development, artificial rain, primary health care, eradication of leprosy, education, flood control, urban traffic and environmental protection, among others.
His wide-ranging interest, combined with his self-acquired technical knowledge and personal approach, has helped the poor and the underprivileged to lead a more hopeful life.
Here is an excerpt of His Majesty's speech addressed to the Boy Scouts annual meeting in Sri Racha province in 1969. He said, "To improve the quality of life of poor country people, his approach requires not only a balance between nature and human beings--- but probably more important - the people's own inner balance." His Majesty believes that a peaceful life lies in contentment in moderation- a simple yet dignified life of self-reliance while uncontained human greed is destructive to both oneself and the natural surroundings that are one's life support system.
His Majesty is a devout Buddhist. He was once ordained as a monk. He is a symbol of unity for all Thais, of all religions. He has followed the royal code of conduct which emphasized the major Buddhist percepts and the Tenfold Practice or Duties of Kingship which to this day remain the cornerstone of Thai Kingship: alms-giving, morality, liberality, rectitude, gentleness, self-restriction, non-anger, non-violence, forbearance and non-obstruction.
The constitutional monarch's contribution to the development of education goes far deeper than establishing schools for the needy throughout the country or providing scholarships for students, doctors and academics. Over the years, His Majesty has promoted friendship and international co-operations with many foreign countries whether in Asia, Europe, America, Australia, South Africa, etc. He has also built up close personal relations with other monarchs and chiefs of state of major powers and neighbouring countries.
His role as the country's pillar of stability, for instance, is often viewed primarily in terms of his timely intervention during periods of political crisis. His Majesty's best known acts in Thai political history are: The Uprising October 14, 1973 or the May Bloodshed in 1992, which saved the country from disaster. King Bhumibol has played a vital role in conserving Thai heritage such as improving the Royal Ploughing Ceremony and reviving the Kathin Ceremony by the Royal Barges Procession.
In 1996, marked the auspicious occasion of the 50th Anniversary of His Majesty the King's Accession to the Throne. His Majesty's Golden Jubilee was celebrated in Thailand and in many other parts of the world. Thai people of the whole nation rejoiced and felt grateful to have grown in strength throughout the remarkable 50 years of His Majesty's the King Bhumibhol Adullayadej reign.
Throughout his 53-year-reign, His Majesty through his visits throughout the Kingdom, has touched the lives of many Thai people with his kindness and continual generosity. He has brought them greater benefits, hopes and happiness as His Majesty vowed he would do on the day of his ascension to the throne. From the day of this ascension, His Majesty has been known as the hardest working monarch worldwide. His tireless efforts and contributions, his endless commitments to his people especially the poor and the underprivileged has given him great love and deep respect from all Thais. His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej is more than a King. He is the heart and soul of Thailand and his people.
To celebrate His Majesty the King's 72 Birthday Anniversary on December 5th, many activities are planned nationwide to mark this auspicious occasion. King Bhumibol is the longest reigning monarch of the Chakri Dynasty and the world. Today, King Rama IX is one of the most honored of Thai Kings. The Government and people jointly honor him as "King Rama IX, the Great", or "Somdet Phra Phatthara Maha Rat". Every year on December 5th, His Majesty's birthday is an annual national holiday and it has been observed as "Father's Day " and Nation's Day too.

1.11 Bangkok Today

Bangkok can bee seen as the heart of Thailand. It is the cultural, political, and economical centre of Thailand. This very highly populated city is currently faced with some unavoidable urban pollution problems in addition to traffic congestion problem like any other large cities. Bangkok is not only the centre of tourist attractions in Southeast Asia but also the important city in this region’s industrials and financial sectors. “Don Muang International Airport”, one of the busiest airports in Southeast Asia is also located just inside Bangkok. Bangkok is also well known for a lot of canals and rivers that wind in and around the city that have made t famous as “Venice of the East”.
Bangkok is also the centre of transportation in Thailand with major roads and railways branching out to various parts of the country. In Bangkok, numerous beautiful temples can be found featuring traditional Thai architecture. The old sections of Bangkok are immensely popular tourists spots, especially the Royal Grand Palace. Bangkok is an interesting blend of traditional buildings and modern skyscrapers for visitors to discover.